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Diffusive gradients in thin films : ウィキペディア英語版 | Diffusive gradients in thin films
The diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) technique is an environmental chemistry technique for the detection of elements and compounds in aqueous environments, including natural waters, sediments and soils. It is well suited to ''in situ'' detection of bioavailable toxic trace metal contaminants. The technique involves using a specially-designed passive sampler that houses a binding gel, diffusive gel and membrane filter. The element or compound passes through the membrane filter and diffusive gel and is assimilated by the binding gel in a rate-controlled manner. Post-deployment analysis of the binding gel can be used to determine the bulk solution concentration of the element or compound via a simple equation. ==History==
The DGT technique was developed in 1994 by Hao Zhang and William Davison at the Lancaster Environment Centre of Lancaster University in the United Kingdom. The technique was first used to detect metal cations in marine environments using Chelex 100 as the binding agent. Further characterisation of DGT, including the results of field deployments in the Menai Strait and the North Atlantic Ocean, was published in 1995. The technique was first tested in soils in 1998, with results demonstrating that kinetics of dissociation of labile species in the porewater (soil solution) could be determined via DGT. Since then, the DGT technique has been modified and expanded to include a significant number of elements and compounds, including phosphate, antibiotics, and nanoparticles, and has even been modified for the geochemical exploration of gold.
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